Wani abu mai sigar ƙarfe kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa biyu ko fiye da sinadarai, aƙalla ɗaya daga cikinsu ƙarfe ne.
Copper dauke da takamaiman adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa don samun kayan aikin injiniya da na zahiri da ake buƙata.Mafi yawan abubuwan jan ƙarfe na tagulla sun kasu kashi shida, kowannensu yana ƙunshe da ɗayan manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa masu zuwa: Brass - babban abin haɗawa shine zinc;Phosphor tagulla - babban abin da ake hadawa shine tin;Aluminum tagulla - babban abin da aka haɗa shi ne aluminum;Silicon tagulla - babban abun da ke ciki shine silicon;jan karfe-nickel da nickel-azurfa - babban abin da ake hadawa shine nickel;da dilute ko high jan karfe gami dauke da kananan adadin abubuwa daban-daban kamar beryllium, cadmium, chromium ko baƙin ƙarfe.
Taurin shine ma'auni na juriya na abu don shigar da ƙasa ko lalacewa.Babu cikakkiyar ma'auni don taurin. Don ƙididdigewa a kwatanta taurin, kowane nau'in gwaji yana da ma'auninsa, wanda ke bayyana taurin. Na Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers da Knoop gwaje-gwaje. Ana auna taurin ba tare da shigar ciki ba ta hanya mai ƙarfi da ake kira gwajin Scleroscope.
Duk wani tsari na masana'anta wanda aka yi amfani da ƙarfe ko injina don ba da wani sabon nau'i na aikin aiki.Broadly, kalmar ta haɗa da matakai kamar zane da shimfidawa, maganin zafi, sarrafa kayan aiki da dubawa.
Bakin karfe yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, juriya na zafi, kyakkyawan machinability da juriya na lalata.An haɓaka nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'in nau'in austenitic na CrNiMn 200 da CrNi 300;nau'in martensitic chromium, jerin 400 mai wuya;chromium, nau'in nau'in nau'in ferritic 400 mara ƙarfi;Hazo-hardenable chromium-nickel alloys tare da ƙarin abubuwa don maganin maganin da taurin shekaru.
Ƙara zuwa kayan aikin carbide na titanium don ba da damar yin aiki mai sauri na ƙarfe mai ƙarfi. Hakanan ana amfani da shi azaman shafi na kayan aiki.Duba Kayan aikin shafa.
Mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin adadin da aka ba da izini ta girman workpiece sun bambanta da ƙa'idar da aka saita kuma har yanzu ana karɓa.
Ana gudanar da aikin a cikin chuck, an saka shi a kan panel ko riƙe tsakanin cibiyoyi da juyawa, yayin da kayan aikin yanke (yawanci kayan aiki guda ɗaya) ana ciyar da shi tare da kewayensa ko ta ƙarshensa ko fuskarsa. A cikin hanyar juyawa madaidaiciya (yankan). tare da kewaye na workpiece;jujjuya tapered (ƙirƙirar taper);juyawa mataki (juya diamita na masu girma dabam a kan wannan aikin aiki);chamfering (bevelling gefen ko kafada);fuskantar (yanke ƙarshen);Juya zaren (yawanci zaren waje, amma kuma yana iya zama zaren ciki);roughing (yawan karfe cire);da kuma gamawa (hasken haske a ƙarshen) .A kan lathes, wuraren juyawa, na'urorin chuck, na'urori na atomatik da na'urori masu kama.
A matsayin madaidaicin takardar fasahar sarrafa ƙarfe, photochemical etching (PCE) na iya cimma matsananciyar tolerances, yana da maimaitawa sosai, kuma a yawancin lokuta ita ce kawai fasahar da za ta iya ƙirƙira daidaitattun sassan ƙarfe, Yana buƙatar babban daidaito kuma yana da aminci.key. aikace-aikace.
Bayan injiniyoyin zane-zane sun zaɓi PCE a matsayin tsarin aikin ƙarfe da suka fi so, yana da mahimmanci cewa sun fahimci cikakkiyar fahimta ba kawai ƙarfinsa ba har ma da takamaiman abubuwan fasaha waɗanda zasu iya yin tasiri (kuma a yawancin lokuta haɓaka) ƙirar samfur. godiya don samun mafi yawan daga PCE kuma kwatanta tsarin zuwa wasu fasahohin aikin ƙarfe.
PCE yana da halaye da yawa waɗanda ke ƙarfafa ƙirƙira da kuma “ƙara iyakoki ta haɗa da fasalin samfura masu ƙalubale, haɓakawa, haɓakawa da inganci.” Yana da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira don isa ga cikakkiyar ƙarfinsu, kuma micrometal (ciki har da HP Etch da Etchform) masu ba da shawara ga abokan cinikin sa. don kula da su azaman abokan haɓaka samfuri - ba kawai masana'antun kwangila ba - ba da damar OEMs su haɓaka wannan haɓakar wannan haɓakar farkon lokacin ƙira.Ƙimar da matakan aikin ƙarfe na aiki zasu iya bayarwa.
Girman Karfe da Sheet: Ana iya amfani da lithography zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kauri daban-daban, maki, fushi da girman takarda.Kowane mai siyarwa zai iya injin kauri daban-daban na ƙarfe tare da haƙuri daban-daban, kuma lokacin zaɓar abokin PCE, yana da mahimmanci a tambayi daidai game da su. iyawa.
Misali, lokacin aiki tare da rukunin Etching na micrometal, ana iya amfani da tsarin zuwa zanen ƙarfe na bakin ciki daga 10 microns zuwa 2000 microns (0.010 mm zuwa 2.00 mm), tare da matsakaicin takardar / ɓangaren girman 600 mm x 800 mm.Machinable karafa sun hada da karfe da bakin karfe, nickel da nickel alloys, jan karfe da tagulla, tin, silver, gold, molybdenum, aluminum.Haka da karafa masu wuyar injin, gami da kayan da ba su da kyau kamar su titanium da alawoyinsa.
Daidaitaccen Hakuri na Etch: Haƙuri shine babban abin la'akari a cikin kowane ƙira, kuma haƙurin PCE na iya bambanta dangane da kauri, kayan, da ƙwarewar mai siyarwar PCE.
A micrometal Etching Group tsari na iya samar da hadaddun sassa tare da tolerances a matsayin low as ± 7 microns, dangane da abu da kuma kauri, wanda shi ne na musamman a tsakanin duk madadin karfe ƙirƙira dabaru.Uniquely, kamfanin yana amfani da wani musamman ruwa juriya tsarin cimma ultra- bakin ciki (2-8 micron) yadudduka na hoto, yana ba da damar daidaito mafi girma yayin etching sinadarai. Yana ba da damar rukunin Etching don cimma ƙananan girman sifofi na microns 25, mafi ƙarancin buɗe ido na kashi 80 na kauri na abu, da jurewar micron lambobi guda ɗaya.
A matsayin jagora, Micrometal's Etching Group na iya aiwatar da bakin karfe, nickel da jan karfe har zuwa 400 microns a cikin kauri tare da girman fasali kamar 80% na kauri, tare da jurewar ± 10% na kauri. Bakin karfe, nickel da jan karfe. da sauran kayan kamar kwano, aluminum, azurfa, zinariya, molybdenum da titanium thicker fiye da 400 microns iya samun fasali masu girma dabam kamar yadda ƙasa da 120% na kayan kauri tare da haƙuri na ± 10% na kauri.
PCE na al'ada yana amfani da juriya mai kauri mai kauri, wanda ke daidaita daidaiton ɓangaren ƙarshe da haƙurin da ake samu, kuma zai iya cimma girman siffa na 100 microns kawai da ƙaramin buɗaɗɗen kauri na 100 zuwa 200 bisa ɗari.
A wasu lokuta, gargajiya metalworking dabaru na iya cimma tighter tolerances, amma akwai limitations.Misali, Laser yankan iya zama daidai zuwa 5% na karfe kauri, amma ta m size size ne iyakance zuwa 0.2 mm.PCE iya cimma wani m misali. girman fasalin 0.1mm da buɗewa ƙasa da 0.050mm yana yiwuwa.
Har ila yau,, dole ne a gane cewa Laser yankan ne "daya batu" metalworking dabara, wanda ke nufin shi ne gaba ɗaya mafi tsada ga hadaddun sassa kamar meshes, kuma ba zai iya cimma zurfin / engraving fasali da ake bukata domin ruwa na'urorin kamar man fetur ta amfani da zurfin etching. Ana samun batura da masu musayar zafi a shirye.
Burr-free da stress-free machining.Lokacin da ya zo ga ikon yin kwafi daidai daidaito da mafi karami girman girman ikon PCE, stamping na iya zuwa mafi kusa, amma cinikayya-kashe ne danniya amfani yayin da karfe aiki da sauran burr halayyar. na stamping.
Sassan da aka hatimi suna buƙatar yin aiki mai tsada mai tsada kuma ba za su yuwu a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ba saboda yin amfani da kayan aikin ƙarfe mai tsada don samar da sassan.Bugu da ƙari, lalacewa kayan aiki yana da matsala yayin sarrafa ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, galibi yana buƙatar gyara tsada da ɗaukar lokaci.PCE An ayyana ta da yawa masu ƙira na lankwasawa maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da masu zanen sassa na ƙarfe masu sarƙaƙƙiya saboda burbushin sa- da kaddarorin da ba su da damuwa, kayan aikin sifili, da saurin samarwa.
Siffofin na musamman ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba: Za'a iya yin amfani da siffofi na musamman a cikin samfurori da aka ƙirƙira ta amfani da lithography saboda gefen "nasihu" da ke cikin tsarin. kamar waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don ruwan magani, ko buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido don jagorantar kwararar ruwa a cikin allon tacewa.
Ƙananan kayan aiki da ƙirar ƙira: Ga OEMs a duk masana'antun da ke neman fa'ida-arziƙi, hadaddun da daidaitattun sassa na ƙarfe da majalisai, PCE yanzu fasahar zaɓi ce saboda ba wai kawai tana aiki da kyau tare da geometries masu wahala ba, amma har ma yana ba da damar injiniyan ƙira don sassaucin ra'ayi. yi gyare-gyare ga ƙira kafin wurin kera.
Babban mahimmancin cimma wannan shine amfani da kayan aikin dijital ko gilashi, waɗanda ba su da tsada don samarwa kuma don haka arha don maye gurbin ko da mintuna kafin fara ƙirƙira.Ba kamar tambari ba, farashin kayan aikin dijital ba ya ƙaruwa tare da sarƙaƙƙiya na ɓangaren, wanda ke da arha. yana ƙarfafa ƙirƙira kamar yadda masu zanen kaya ke mai da hankali kan ingantaccen aikin sashi maimakon farashi.
Tare da dabarun aikin ƙarfe na al'ada, ana iya cewa haɓakar haɓakar sashi yana daidai da haɓakar farashi, yawancin abin da samfuran kayan aiki masu tsada ne masu wahala. maki, duk waɗannan ba su da tasiri akan farashin PCE.
Tun da PCE ba ta yin amfani da kayan aiki masu wuyar gaske, an kawar da lalacewa da damuwa. Bugu da ƙari, sassan da aka samar suna da lebur, suna da tsabta mai tsabta kuma ba su da burrs, kamar yadda karfe ya narkar da shi daidai har sai an samu lissafin da ake so.
Kamfanin Micro Metals ya ƙera tebur mai sauƙin amfani don taimakawa injiniyoyin ƙira su sake duba zaɓuɓɓukan samfurin da ake samu don samfuran kusan-jeri, waɗanda za a iya isa ga nan.
Samfuran Tattalin Arziki: Tare da PCE, masu amfani suna biyan kowane takarda maimakon kowane sashi, wanda ke nufin cewa ana iya sarrafa abubuwan da ke da geometries daban-daban a lokaci guda tare da kayan aiki guda ɗaya. tanadi muhimmi a cikin tsari.
Ana iya amfani da PCE a kusan kowane nau'in ƙarfe, mai laushi, mai wuya ko gallagewa. Aluminum sanannen abu ne mai wuyar naushi saboda laushinsa, kuma yana da wuyar yanke Laser saboda abubuwan da yake nunawa. Haka kuma, taurin titanium yana da kalubale. , Micrometal ya haɓaka matakai na mallaka da kuma etching chemistries don waɗannan abubuwa na musamman guda biyu kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan kamfanonin etching a duniya tare da kayan aikin titanium.
Haɗa wannan tare da gaskiyar cewa PCE yana da sauri a zahiri, kuma ma'anar da ke bayan haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar fasahar a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya bayyana a sarari.
Injiniyoyin ƙira suna ƙara juyowa zuwa PCE yayin da suke fuskantar matsin lamba don kera ƙarami, ƙarin hadaddun sassa na ƙarfe.
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane zaɓi na tsari, masu zanen kaya suna buƙatar fahimtar ƙayyadaddun kaddarorin fasahar masana'anta da aka zaɓa lokacin kallon kaddarorin ƙira da sigogi.
Ƙimar ɗaukar hoto da fa'idodinsa na musamman a matsayin ingantacciyar dabarar ƙira ta ƙarfe ta sanya ta zama injiniyar ƙira kuma ana iya amfani da ita da gaske don ƙirƙirar sassan da ake ganin ba zai yiwu ba idan aka yi amfani da wasu dabarun ƙirƙira ƙarfe.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-26-2022